For readers who want the full picture
Detailed explanation
A meteorite is what remains of a natural cosmic body after surviving passage through the atmosphere.
It may consist mainly of silicate rock, iron-nickel metal or a mixture of both.
- Origin
- natural body from space
Why meteorites matter
Meteorites preserve material from different stages in the Solar System’s development. Primitive chondrites contain very old, lightly reworked material, while differentiated meteorites record melting, crustal or core processes on their parent bodies.
Material, size and definition
Meteorites are natural solid objects. Most consist mainly of silicate minerals, others of iron-nickel metal or a mixture of both. Their mass ranges from barely visible micrometeorites to blocks weighing tonnes; the scientific definition does not depend on a minimum mass.
Not every dark or magnetic stone is a meteorite. Slag, iron-rich terrestrial rocks and industrial products can look similar. Identification uses the complete texture, mineral chemistry, nickel content, isotopes and a traceable find history.
What happens during atmospheric flight
On entry, air ahead of the body is strongly compressed and heated. Surface material melts and evaporates in a process called ablation. This may form a thin fusion crust, flow lines or depressions, while the interior of a larger piece is usually heated much less.
Once strong deceleration ends the luminous phase, the object continues in dark flight and cools. If it then reaches the ground, a roof, ice or water, the meteoroid has become a meteorite.
Short & simple
The essentials in 30 seconds
- A natural piece of rock or metal from space that reached the ground.
- A meteorite is what remains of a natural cosmic body after surviving passage through the atmosphere.
- It may consist mainly of silicate rock, iron-nickel metal or a mixture of both.
Sources & editorial note
Sources & databases
Editorially paraphrased prefill, reviewed 12 August 2026. The linked sources support further specialist verification.